The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is also known as yam or kumera. It is an enlarged root obtained from the plant with the same name: sweet potato. It weighs between 0.5 and 3 kg and shows an elongate shape, although some of them are almost spherical. There are sweet potatoes of a pale red colour, brownish-yellow or whitish, although the most widely cultivated varieties all over the world are those of red or pink rind and white flesh.
It has a sweet taste, due to its high sugar content. Sweet potatoes resemble potatoes, although they have no botanical relation. Sweet potatoes have a fusiform shape, orange colour and a thicker and harder rind. There are two types of sweet potatoes, those with dry flesh and those with gelatinous flesh. They both have a white or orange flesh.
The sweet potato is characterized by its orange and sweet flesh, very suitable for roasting, making purees, cakes, soufflés and stuffing.
In some countries it is a basic food, since it is rich in carbohydrates, although the foliage is also eaten as a vegetable. Each 100 g of edible fresh produce provides with an energetic value of 84 kcal, greater than that of potatoes.
Its composition is similar to the potato’s but with some differences. The starch content is greater than that of potatoes. The proteins are scarce and the content of fats is even lower. It is one of the better digested vegetables. It is a regenerative food with a high energetic value. It has a great amount of vitamin A.
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